| |||
|
РКА ... ... Communication is an essential part of everyday activities of educators, managers, public figures - especially in the dynamic environment of contemporary multicultural world. There are at least two aspects of competent communication that belong to the core of many human activities and professions: principles of effective communication in organizational contexts and intercultural communication skills. The following training courses were designed as part of the curriculum development in Communication Studies at the Department of Intercultural Communication, Faculty of Foreign Languages, Moscow State University. They were implemented in a series of workshops for educators, managers, and students in Russia and abroad. Two specific and distinct audiences - highly interested and highly motivated - are managers and educators. These people feel both benefits of skilled communication, and disadvantages of communication failures, especially cross-cultural communication failures, in their everyday work. ... Essay - Art as Communication From the dawn of humanity, mankind has made and been fascinated by a strange and unique concept: the idea of art. This phenomenon has no immediate, practical use; it feeds no mouths and protects no young. Yet even in the most primitive cave-dwellings of 30,000 years ago, we have evidence of artwork. Though these cave drawings may be completely different from the naturalistic masterpieces of the Renaissance, and those still very unlike the abstract images of today, all fit into the broad genre of art called painting. What do these have in common? Why do we call them all Ѓgart?Ѓh At its most basic, art is a form of communication. Art is an expression of emotion, designed by a human as a means of communicating that emotion to other humans. Art is by far the most expressive form of communication that humans understand. The shading and colors of a picture, the moving lines in the body of a dancer, or the fluid harmonies of a song reach a depth that simple conversation never can. A piece of art creates a reason... ... Int Enc of Comm ... Art as Communication Michael Griffin Since the modern era in the west, art has increasingly been defined as distinct from communication. Since Kant and Hume, discriminations of sensory beauty and Ѓgdelicacy of tasteЃh have been invoked in judgments of ЃЁ aesthetic value that separate those forms of communication that qualify as art from those that do not. Gross has argued that an important part of the process of art appreciation is the Ѓgperception and evaluation of the competence displayed by the artistЃh (Gross 1973, 124). That is, does the reader or viewer attribute skill on the part of the artist to Ѓgthe selecting, transforming, and ordering of the elementsЃh (Gross 1973, 127) that constitute the work of art, and see these creative actions as intentional? For Gross these demonstrations of competence may be appreciated anonymously, as examples of conventionally recognized ability or talent, but most often they depend upon the valorization of an individual artist, the repository of the skill that is distinguished.Yet in most cultures for most of human history, the creation of art has been a socially organized activity, central to the communication of shared religious beliefs, mythic understandings of the world, and social relations. Indeed, the rise of technologies of mass communication were theorized in the twentieth century in terms of their relationship to the traditional arts, and the resulting media cont ... ... |
